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Crete is a haven for nature lovers and those seeking a perfect mix of adventure and fun during their holidays. The island offers a wide range of outdoor activities and nature excursions, promising unforgettable experiences for those who choose to explore it. Isolated from mainland Europe, Asia, and Africa, Crete's wildlife reflects this separation with remarkable genetic diversity. From the proud Cretan wild goat and wildcat to the island’s endemic arthropods and bats, Crete’s fauna holds many secrets about species evolution.
One of Crete’s unique features is the absence of animals harmful to humans, which ancient Cretans attributed to a feat by Hercules to honor Zeus, who was protected from Cronus on the island. Additionally, the Apostle Paul's blessings, having stayed on Crete for two years, are believed to have further shielded the island from dangerous creatures.
The island's birdlife is among the richest in Europe, with over 350 species of birds. Crete’s mountains host the world's largest island population of vultures, and together with Corsica, they shelter the last pairs of bearded vultures in the Balkans.
Every spring and autumn, Crete becomes a temporary home for large numbers of migratory birds, thanks to its seasonal wetlands. Birdwatching enthusiasts will find observation posts set up to study and enjoy these winged visitors. The largest natural lake in Crete, Lake Kournas in Apokoronas, is an ideal spot for birdwatching, along with smaller but important year-round lakes such as those in Tersanas Chania, Digenis in Gergeri, Mochos, and Thrapsano. There are also seasonal lakes scattered across locations like Orne, Parakalouri, Ziros, Omalos Viannos, Ahedrias, Stroumboulas, and various plateaus in Mirabello.
Artificial lakes also offer opportunities for nature lovers. Notable spots include the lakes of Agia in Chania, the large dams of Bramiana, Aposelemi, Faneromeni, Potamon, and many smaller dams across the Heraklion interior. Lake Zaros is also a popular destination for walks. Beyond the lakes, Crete's wetlands support large populations of waterbirds, found across the island.
The most well-known wetlands are at the mouths of rivers like Aposelemi, Anapodaris, Almyros Maleviziou, Megalos Potamos in Preveli, Almyros Mirabello, Kiliaris, and the rivers in Georgioupolis. Other important sites include the salt flats of Xerokampos, the islands of Gavdos and Chrissi, and the marshes in Malia, Katalyki, and Falasarna. Visitors to Crete have an impressive range of options to experience thrilling adventures that they’ll remember for a lifetime, many of which revolve around nature.
Horseback riding is one of the most popular activities, with Crete having a deep-rooted tradition of horse use in everyday life. Even today, many Cretans raise the proud Georgalidika horses, a breed perfectly adapted to the island’s rugged terrain, and participate in races and shows.
Numerous equestrian clubs and associations operate across Crete, and many businesses offer lessons or guided horse excursions. The island’s wetlands also serve as sanctuaries for a wide range of plant and animal species, playing a crucial role in preserving its biodiversity.
During the fall and especially the spring, visitors can observe migratory birds at the numerous observation points set up near these wetlands. In Crete’s mountainous areas, where birds of prey gather, watchtowers have been constructed for visitors to get a closer view.
This season is also perfect for activities such as hiking through the island’s gorges, rock climbing, mountain trekking, and cycling.
